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Secondary battery

These are batteries that can be recharged after use by passing current through the electrodes in the opposite direction i.e., from the negative terminal to the positive terminal. For example, a lead storage battery that is used in automobiles and invertors can be recharged a limited number of times. The lead storage battery consists of a lead anode and the cathode is a lead grid packed with lead dioxide. Sulphuric acid with a concentration of 38% is used as an electrolyte. The redox reaction involved in this process is can be given as,

At anode:                Pb ——>  Pb²⁺ + 2 e^–                                                                                                                                                                   Pb + SO₄^2– ——> PbSO₄ (electrode) + 2 e^–
At  cathode:            2 e^– + PbO₂ + 4 H⁺ ——> Pb²⁺ + 2 H₂O                                                                   2 e^– + PbO₂ + 4 H⁺ + SO₄²– ——> PbSO₄ (electrode) + 2 H₂O

In order to recharge these batteries, the charge is transferred in the opposite direction and the reaction is reversed, thus converting PbSO₄ back to Pb and PbO₂.

Another example of the secondary cell is the nickel-cadmium cell. These cells are difficult to manufacture and maintain even though they have high storage capacity and a longer life.

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https://byjus.com/chemistry/battery-types/